How to Increase Alkalinity in a Pool?

Maintaining the right balance of chemicals in a swimming pool is essential for water quality, comfort, and safety. Among the critical parameters to manage is alkalinity.

Understanding Pool Alkalinity and Its Importance

Alkalinity in pool water is measured by the concentration of carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, and other alkaline substances. It’s expressed in parts per million (ppm) and should ideally be maintained between 80 to 120 ppm. Alkalinity acts as a buffer for pH, stabilizing it by neutralizing acids that might otherwise cause fluctuations.

Why Alkalinity Matters

• Protects Pool Surfaces: Low alkalinity can make the water more corrosive, leading to etching and erosion of plaster, grout, tile, and pool equipment.
• Maintains Balanced pH: Proper alkalinity prevents rapid pH changes, which can discomfort swimmers and damage pool surfaces.
• Enhances Pool Comfort: Unbalanced alkalinity may lead to skin and eye irritation and a less enjoyable swimming experience.

Signs of Low Alkalinity in a Pool

Recognizing the symptoms of low alkalinity can help pool owners address the issue before it escalates:

1. Fluctuating pH Levels: If you notice that your pool’s pH level changes rapidly, it may be due to insufficient alkalinity.
2. Cloudy Water: Low alkalinity often results in cloudy pool water due to the lack of a stable pH environment.
3. Corroded Pool Surfaces: Corrosion or erosion of pool plaster, tile grout, and metal equipment can occur if alkalinity is low.
4. Swimmer Discomfort: Low alkalinity may cause eye irritation, skin itchiness, and a dry feeling after swimming.

How to Test Pool Alkalinity

Testing the alkalinity level in your pool is simple, and it’s recommended to check it weekly:

1. Use Test Strips: Test strips are convenient and readily available. Dip a strip into the water and compare the colors to the reference chart provided.
2. Digital Testers: These provide more precise readings and are easy to use, though they’re generally more expensive.
3. Liquid Test Kits: These kits are also accurate and provide detailed information about chemical levels.

Steps for Increasing Alkalinity in Your Pool

If your pool’s alkalinity falls below the recommended 80-120 ppm range, take the following steps to bring it back to the ideal level.

1. Calculate the Pool Volume

To determine how much alkalinity increaser you’ll need, first know your pool’s water volume in gallons. This will help ensure that you’re adding the appropriate amount of chemicals.

2. Choose an Alkalinity Increaser

The primary compound used to raise alkalinity is sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda. Commercial alkalinity increasers are also available, typically labeled as “Alkalinity Up” or “Alkalinity Increaser,” and contain sodium bicarbonate as the main ingredient.

3. Measure the Required Amount

• For a Minor Increase: If you need to raise alkalinity by about 10 ppm, add 1.5 pounds of sodium bicarbonate per 10,000 gallons of water.
• For a Larger Increase: If you need to raise it by more than 10 ppm, calculate the amount based on the pool’s volume and add it in stages.

4. Distribute the Chemical Evenly

• Spread the measured amount of sodium bicarbonate around the perimeter of the pool.
• For the best results, ensure that the pump is running to help disperse the chemical evenly.

5. Allow the Pool to Circulate

After adding the sodium bicarbonate, let the pool’s circulation system run for several hours to ensure thorough distribution. Retest the water after a day to confirm if the alkalinity has reached the desired range. Repeat the process if further adjustment is needed.

Maintaining Alkalinity in Your Pool: Tips and Best Practices

Once you’ve achieved the desired alkalinity level, regular maintenance is crucial to keep the balance stable. Here are some tips to maintain healthy alkalinity and prevent fluctuations:

Regular Testing

Testing alkalinity weekly is essential, especially if your pool is exposed to heavy use, environmental factors, or water changes.

Adjust pH and Alkalinity Together

Alkalinity and pH levels are closely connected, so adjusting both simultaneously can help you reach a balanced state more efficiently. Always adjust alkalinity first, as it stabilizes pH and minimizes sudden shifts.

Avoid Overusing Acidic Cleaners

Using acidic cleaners can lower alkalinity and disrupt pH balance. If your alkalinity level frequently drops, consider switching to less aggressive cleaning products and ensure that any acid-based chemicals are diluted.

Limit Water Replacement

Refilling or partially draining your pool can affect alkalinity. If water replacement is necessary, test the alkalinity of both the pool and the replacement water beforehand and make any necessary adjustments.

Handling Common Issues When Raising Alkalinity

Sometimes, even with careful application, you may encounter challenges. Here are solutions to common issues:

High pH After Alkalinity Increase

Raising alkalinity may cause a temporary spike in pH. This is normal, and the pH should stabilize as the sodium bicarbonate fully dissolves. If the pH remains too high, consider adding a small amount of pH reducer to bring it back in line.

Cloudy Water After Adding Alkalinity Increaser

Cloudiness can result from undissolved sodium bicarbonate or improper distribution. Running the pump for several hours usually clears the water. If cloudiness persists, check your filtration system and backwash if necessary.

Slow Changes in Alkalinity Levels

If adding an alkalinity increaser doesn’t seem to have an immediate effect, it may be due to high levels of dissolved solids, particularly in older pools. In these cases, adding a higher concentration of sodium bicarbonate and ensuring proper circulation should gradually restore balance.

The Benefits of Keeping Pool Alkalinity Balanced

Maintaining the correct alkalinity level not only improves the quality of your pool water but also helps extend the lifespan of your pool equipment and surfaces. Balanced alkalinity also reduces the need for frequent pH adjustments, which can save time, money, and effort in the long run.

Balanced water chemistry:

• Reduces Maintenance Needs: You’ll spend less time troubleshooting chemical issues.
• Creates a Safer Environment: With stable alkalinity, the pool environment is safer and more enjoyable.
• Prolongs Equipment Life: Proper chemical balance protects filters, heaters, pumps, and other equipment from corrosion and damage.

Working with a Professional to Maintain Pool Alkalinity

For many pool owners, balancing chemicals can feel like a science experiment. If you’re unsure about managing alkalinity and other water chemistry, working with a pool care professional can relieve much of the hassle and ensure your pool remains inviting and pristine.

Ajax Pool & Spa Aspen offers a range of services, including chemical testing, balancing, and product recommendations. With expert help, you’ll enjoy peace of mind knowing your pool is being cared for by professionals who understand the unique needs of Aspen’s climate.

Ajax Pool & Spa Aspen Is Here to Help

If you’re in the Aspen area and want high-quality pool and hot tub products to keep your water balanced and sparkling, Ajax Pool & Spa Aspen is here to help. We offer expert guidance and a range of products to make pool maintenance straightforward. Contact us today for reliable pool and spa solutions designed to keep your property in top shape year-round.